Abstract: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), acknowledged as a source of evidence regarding the feasibility of an initiative, are considered secondary level evidence for decisions in practice. However, they are also recognized as a fundamental source for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which constitute primary-level evidence. Conducting an RCT requires a comprehensive understanding of study design, necessitating researchers to be well-versed in concepts such as PICO question, randomization, statistical tests, sample size calculation, bias, and protocol entries. Considering and adhering to the fundamental concepts of design, coupled with meticulous reporting, can facilitate the demonstration of the actual effects of interventions and the presentation of results with significant evidential value. Despite the ongoing evolution of RCTs over time, systematic deficiencies persist. This review addresses the methodology of RCTs.
Cite this article as: Bahçeci DN, Saygılı S, Kasımoğlu Y. Randomized controlled trials in dentistry. Essent Dent. 2025; 4, 0001, doi: 10.5152/EssentDent.2025.24001