Root Canal Configuration of Mandibular Incisors in Turkish Population: An Analysis Using Vertucci’s Classification with CBCT

Abstract

Background: The root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors is complex and often unpredictable,
posing challenges for endodontic treatment. Insufficient knowledge of canal morphology may
result in missed root canals and treatment failures. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and variation of Vertucci root canal configurations in mandibular incisors within a Turkish
population.

Methods: A total of 2400 mandibular central and lateral incisors were collected for analysis.
Initially, radiovisiography (RVG) images were employed to determine the number of canals. Teeth
identified with 2 canals (n=348) were further examined using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for detailed morphological assessment. A chi-square test was used to evaluate the
distributions of various tooth types. The significance level was set at P < .05.

Results: The most frequently observed root canal configuration was Vertucci type I (85.5%), followed by type III (13%), and type II (1%). Types V and VI were rarely encountered. A chi-square
goodness-of-fit test demonstrated statistically significant differences in the distribution of canal
types (P < .001). Type III canals were more likely to have an oval shape, complicating the shaping
and obturation processes.

Conclusion: In the Turkish population, the mandibular incisors predominantly exhibit Vertucci
type I and type III configurations. Cone beam computed tomography has been established as
an effective imaging modality for assessing root canal complexity. Clinicians should be aware of
anatomical variations, especially cases with 2 canals that may converge at the apex to ensure
successful endodontic outcomes. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to
validate these findings.

Cite this article as: Özçelik İ, Çiftçioğlu E. “Root canal configuration of mandibular incisors in Turkish population: an analysis using
Vertucci’s classification with CBCT”. Essent Dent. 2025, 4, 0053, doi: 10.5152/EssentDent.2025.25053.